Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla esimeme siqhubeka sikhuphuka, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga aya ngokuya ebaluleka njengesixazululo samandla esisebenza kahle nesingangeni imvelo.Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngencazelo eningiliziwe yezimiso zokusebenza zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga futhi sihlole isimo samanje sentuthuko kulo mkhakha, kuyilapho sixoxa ngamathemba ekusasa labo embonini yamandla.
I. Izimiso Zokusebenza Zezinhlelo Zokugcina Amandla Elanga:
Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga zibandakanya ukuguqulwa kwamandla elanga abe ngugesi kanye nesitoreji sawo esilandelayo ukuze sisetshenziswe kamuva.Izimiso zokusebenza zingahlukaniswa zibe izinyathelo ezintathu eziyisisekelo: ukuqoqwa kwamandla elanga, ukuguqulwa kwamandla, nokugcinwa kwamandla.
Iqoqo Lamandla Elanga:
Ukuqoqwa kwamandla elanga kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sohlelo.Idivayisi evamile esetshenziselwa ukuqoqwa kwamandla elanga iphaneli ye-solar photovoltaic, eyakhiwe ngamaseli amaningi elanga.Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kushaya iphaneli yelanga, amaseli elanga aguqula amandla okukhanya abe ugesi wamanje oqondile (DC).
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla:
Ugesi wamanje oqondile awuzilungele izinhlelo eziningi zamandla, ngakho-ke udinga ukuguqulwa ube ugesi wamanje (AC) oshintshanayo.Lokhu kuguqulwa ngokuvamile kufinyelelwa kusetshenziswa i-inverter, eguqula ugesi we-DC ube ugesi we-AC ohambisana negridi yamandla.
Isitoreji Samandla:
Ukugcina amandla ukuze usetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo kuyisici esiyinhloko samasistimu okugcina amandla elanga.Okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obusetshenziswa ngokuvamile buhlanganisa ukugcinwa kwebhethri kanye nesitoreji esishisayo.Ukugcinwa kwebhethri kubandakanya ukugcina ugesi kumabhethri aphinde ashajeka, njenge-lithium-ion noma amabhethri e-sodium-sulphur.Isitoreji esishisayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sisebenzisa amandla elanga ukukhiqiza ukushisa, okugcinwa emathangeni okugcina okushisayo noma izinto ezizosetshenziswa kamuva ekushiseni noma ekuphehleni ugesi.
II.Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinhlelo Zokugcina Amandla Elanga:
Njengamanje, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga athuthukiswa ngokushesha, ngamathrendi namasu alandelayo:
Intuthuko Kubuchwepheshe Besitoreji:
Ngokuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe bebhethri, ukusebenza kahle kanye namandla okugcina amasistimu okugcina amandla kube ngcono kakhulu.Amabhethri esimanje e-lithium-ion, anomthamo omkhulu wamandla nempilo ende, asephenduke amathuluzi okugcina asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla elanga.Ukwengeza, ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuvelayo obufana namabhethri esimo esiqinile namabhethri agelezayo buyathuthukiswa, obubambe amandla okuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesistimu Nezixazululo Ezihlakaniphile:
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu nokuthembeka, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga ziqhubekela emazingeni aphezulu okuhlanganiswa kwesistimu kanye nezixazululo ezihlakaniphile.Ngezinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile nama-algorithms okuhlaziya idatha, isistimu ingathuthukisa ukuphathwa kwamandla, ukubikezela komthwalo, nokutholwa kwamaphutha, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokuthembeka kwesistimu.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwemithombo Yamandla Eminingi:
Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga zingahlanganiswa hhayi kuphela negridi yamandla kodwa futhi neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo.Isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa amandla elanga namandla omoya kanye namanzi kwakha isistimu yamandla ebanzi efinyelela ukuhlukahluka kwamandla kanye nokuhlinzekwa okuzinzile.
Izicelo Ezinkulu:
Amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga kancane kancane asetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu.Izitshalo ezinkulu zamandla okugcina amandla elanga sezisunguliwe ezifundeni ezithile, zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifana nokushefa okuphezulu, amandla okugcina amandla, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezimo eziphuthumayo kugridi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga asatshalalisiwe asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yezindawo zokuhlala neyokuhweba, enikeza ukwesekwa kwamandla okuthembekile kubasebenzisi.
Njengengxenye ebalulekile yamandla asimeme, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga anamandla amakhulu nesithembiso.Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga azodlala indima ebalulekile embonini yamandla.Ngokusungula izinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo kanye nokwamukelwa okusabalele, amasistimu okugcina amandla elanga alungele ukuba yisixazululo esibalulekile sokufinyelela ukuguqulwa kwamandla ahlanzekile futhi asimeme, okudala ikusasa eliluhlaza nekhabhoni ephansi lesintu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-01-2023